Variables and Data Types in Python: In Python, variables are used to store data values that can be accessed and manipulated throughout the program. When you assign a value to a variable, Python automatically determines the appropriate data type based on the value assigned. Here are some commonly used data types in Python:
- Numeric Types:
- Integers: Integers represent whole numbers without any decimal point. For example:
x = 10 - Floating-Point Numbers: Floating-point numbers represent real numbers with a decimal point. For example:
y = 3.14 - Complex Numbers: Complex numbers consist of a real part and an imaginary part. For example:
z = 2 + 3j
- Integers: Integers represent whole numbers without any decimal point. For example:
- Strings:
- Strings are sequences of characters enclosed in single quotes (‘ ‘) or double quotes (” “). For example:
name = "John"
- Strings are sequences of characters enclosed in single quotes (‘ ‘) or double quotes (” “). For example:
- Boolean:
- The Boolean data type represents the truth values
TrueandFalse. It is commonly used for logical operations and comparisons. For example:is_valid = True
- The Boolean data type represents the truth values
- Lists:
- Lists are ordered and mutable collections of items. They can contain elements of different data types and are defined by enclosing items in square brackets ([]). For example:
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
- Lists are ordered and mutable collections of items. They can contain elements of different data types and are defined by enclosing items in square brackets ([]). For example:
- Tuples:
- Tuples are similar to lists but are immutable, meaning their elements cannot be modified once defined. Tuples are defined by enclosing items in parentheses (()). For example:
coordinates = (3, 4)
- Tuples are similar to lists but are immutable, meaning their elements cannot be modified once defined. Tuples are defined by enclosing items in parentheses (()). For example:
- Dictionaries:
- Dictionaries are unordered collections of key-value pairs. Each value is associated with a unique key, allowing efficient retrieval of data. Dictionaries are defined using curly braces ({}) and colons (:) to separate keys and values. For example:
person = {"name": "John", "age": 25}
- Dictionaries are unordered collections of key-value pairs. Each value is associated with a unique key, allowing efficient retrieval of data. Dictionaries are defined using curly braces ({}) and colons (:) to separate keys and values. For example:
- Sets:
- Sets are unordered collections of unique elements. They are useful for operations like removing duplicates and performing mathematical set operations. Sets are defined using curly braces ({}) or the
set()function. For example:fruits = {"apple", "banana", "orange"}
- Sets are unordered collections of unique elements. They are useful for operations like removing duplicates and performing mathematical set operations. Sets are defined using curly braces ({}) or the
Python also provides several built-in functions and methods to perform operations on variables and manipulate their data types. These functions include type(), len(), str(), int(), float(), and more.
To assign a value to a variable, use the assignment operator (=). For example: x = 10
Variables can be used in expressions, combined with operators, and passed as arguments to functions. They provide a way to store and manipulate data, making programs more dynamic and flexible.
Understanding variables and data types is fundamental in Python programming, as they form the building blocks for creating and manipulating data in your programs.
